Based on the analysis of the experience of international scientific research funding institutions such as the National Science Foundation of the United States (NSF), Horizon Europe Program of the European Union , German Science Foundation (DFG), Australian Research Council (ARC) and Japan Society for the Promotion of Academia (JSPS), combined with the actual situation of China's scientific research development, a multi-dimensional evaluation index system for the performance of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) international cooperation and exchange projects wae constructed, including five aspects: research innovation, depth of international cooperation, talent training, social and economic impact, and data sharing and management. The optimization suggestions are put forward, including establishing feedback mechanism, long-term tracking and evaluation mechanism, and improving the level of cooperation, in order to help enhance China's competitiveness and influence in global scientific research cooperation.