In recent years, standard essential patents (SEPs) have garnered widespread attention. The potential future competitive risks associated with SEPs was preemptively assessed to provide a reference for industrial and enterprise development. First, the metrological characteristics of SEPs are summarized. Then, patents families were analyzed from 2014 to 2023 that at least an application in the family was granted by one of the five major Patent offices (IP5 offices), key innovative entities and key technological fields were identified in the study. The research finds that SEPs are characterized by concentration among holders, large family sizes, a large number of claims, and high citation frequencies. The main competition for SEPs in the coming period will still be concentrated in the electronics and communications fields. Furthermore, with the development of the Internet of Things era, various application scenarios related fields may also become battlegrounds for SEP competition, which should be monitored closely and appropriate risk prevention measures taken.