Digital transformation is an important way to enhance enterprise resilience. Taking Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies as the research object, the data from 2011 to 2021 were selected, and the research findings were found by empirical test. Enterprises’ digital transformation can significantly improve enterprise resilience, and this conclusion is still valid after a variety of robustness tests. Among them, innovation efficiency and innovation quality play a part of intermediary role in the impact. In order to better enhance the resilience of enterprises and enable enterprises to achieve sustainable development, enterprises should further strengthen digital construction and attach importance to the improvement of innovation ability.