The TRIZ innovation method was used to predict the technological maturity of China's lithium-ion industry, and to analyze the status and distribution of patents in the lithium-ion battery industry in Henan Province in China. It is found that China's lithium-ion battery industry has entered a mature stage of maximum profitability. The output of lithium-ion battery industry in Henan Province ranks among the top in China. The number of patent applications ranks above average in China, with the number of patent applications for electrolyte and battery recovery subsystems ranking among the top in China. The patent value is lower than the national average. The lithium-ion battery industry is mainly distributed in four cities, such as Xinxiang, Zhengzhou, Luoyang and Jiaozuo. Compared with the distribution of cities in 2014, the industrial concentration of lithium-ion battery patent applications in Henan Province in 2023 shows a trend of dispersion. Four suggestions are proposed, including supporting continuous innovation in the advantageous fields of lithium-ion batteries in Henan Province, encouraging cooperation between lithium-ion battery enterprises in Henan Province and leading lithium-ion battery enterprises in China, implementing a strategy of overtaking in the curve, and building China’s lithium-ion battery recycling capital.