The current situation and challenges faced by local research institutes in the field of technology transfer was studied, and the urgent need for establishing a performance evaluation system was elaborated. The findings revealed prevalent issues such as mismatches between research outcomes and market demands, shortages in talent for commercialization, inaccuracies in technology readiness level assessment, and weaknesses in capital operation mechanisms. In response to these challenges, a evaluation system was developed, encompassing critical dimensions including technology readiness, market adaptability, economic benefits, social impact, and innovation drive. Further validation through case studies demonstrated the system's significant effectiveness in enhancing the efficiency and quality of technology transfer, optimizing resource allocation, motivating researchers to actively engage in commercialization activities, and boosting regional economic development and innovation capabilities.