Taking national laboratories, research centers of universities and enterprise research from four typical countries in Europe, America and Asia-Pacific region as the research objects. Through in-depth analysis of their industry distribution and regional layout, their successful experiences and innovative models were summarized. It is found that the success of foreign scientific research institutions largely benefits from clear national strategic guidance, industry-university-research's closely integrated ecosystem, flexible and efficient resource allocation mechanisms, as well as careful planning and policy support for innovative regions. At the same time, foreign scientific research institutions attach great importance to cross industry cooperation, form industrial chain synergies, and rely on regional characteristic resources to create industrial clusters with global competitiveness. Based on the above analysis, a series of inspirations and suggestions for the industry layout and regional development strategy of scientific research institutions in China have been proposed, emphasizing the need to strengthen top-level design, balance the regional layout of scientific research institutions, carry out technology research and development that adapts to regional innovation and development, and fully guarantee the autonomy of scientific research institutions, support and lead China's scientific and technological innovation and high-quality economic and social development.