Technology commercialization, as the core driving force of technological innovation, not only strengthens the deep integration of technology and the economy, but also is the key to leading the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure, promoting the transformation of the economic development model, and enhancing the national innovation competitiveness. This paper comprehensively discussed the importance of technology commercialization and its operating mechanism, deeply analyzed the successful experiences of developed countries in Europe and the United States in this field, conducted in-depth research on the current situation, problems and deficiencies in this area in China, and put forward countermeasures such as strengthening government regulation, stimulating the leading role of enterprises, optimizing the transformation environment, strengthening talent cultivation, innovating the market system and improving the assessment and evaluation system. It emphasized that drawing on international experience and combining it with national conditions to promote technology commercialization was crucial to enhancing China's scientific and technological innovation capabilities and economic level.