In the enforcement process of non-stationary overload control systems, dynamic weighing sensors calculate the total weight of a vehicle by measuring the axle weight as the vehicle drives over the load carrier. However, due to the road surface not being perfectly flat, vehicles generate coupled vibrations when driving on irregular road surfaces, resulting in the measured axle weight being influenced by both static load and vertical vehicle vibrations. Based on the review of road surface smoothness prediction, vehicle dynamic load research, and non-stationary overload control dynamic weighing, it is found that the impact of dynamic loads caused by road surface smoothness must be fully considered to improve the accuracy of dynamic weighing in non-stationary overload control.