Science and technology innovation is an important support for building business environment in the new era, and it is also a key move to promote industrial transformation and upgrading, open up the national unified market, and get rid “necklace” problem. In this regard, by analyzing the relationship between science and technology innovation and business environment, the current situation of science and technology innovation and business environment in Xi'an is studied, and the problems of enhancing science and technology innovation and optimizing the business environment in Xi'an is clarified. It is found that strengthening the innovation-driven strategy and the strategy of strengthening the country with talents are combined with each other to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in Xi'an, to create a high level of scientific and technological innovation and self-reliance. Making use of new scientific and technological capabilities, such as digital technology, can enhance the combination of the government's action and the market's efficiency, and create a new demand for the transformation and upgrading of the industry, which can effectively contribute to the optimisation of the business environment.