On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of the aviation emergency rescue system under the analysis of sudden public events, an evaluation system that affects the key factors affecting the aviation emergency rescue system was established. The degree of reason, the importance and degree of influence of various factors were clarified, and the connection between each other to determine the level of key factors was used, the progressive relationship was clarified between key factors. At the end of the text, the training of the system and talent training at the end of the text , four aspects of equipment construction and information interaction proposes the rationalized suggestions of the optimization of the aviation emergency rescue system are proposed to promote the development of aviation emergency rescue management towards modernization, and to promote the aviation rescue emergency management system.