Based on the Eco-Fabricated Counterfort Retaining Wall of the Liuhang Lines of Chongqing Liuhengjie Mingyue Avenue Project, the earth pressure gauge was tested for the riser and buttress facing the earth. Through the in-situ test of the project, the detection data were collected in real time to analyze the distribution law of earth compressive stress on the back of the retaining wall structure, and an earth pressure calculation model was proposed for the calculation of the retaining wall structure. It provides the calculation basis for the future use of the eco-fabricated counterfort retaining wall.