Based on the network brokerage theory, the theoretical model was established to analyze the effect of introducing new R&D institutions into regional innovation system on the enterprises innovation performance. Taking the implementation of new R&D institutions policy in Guangdong province as a quasi-natural experiment，DID method was used to examine the theoretical model. The results show that new R&D institutions can increase enterprises innovation performance，and R&D investment plays a mediating role, and R&D centralization and TMT diversity have moderating effects. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the establishment of new R&D institutions has no significant impact on the invention patents of enterprises, non-state-owned enterprises, high-tech industry enterprises and high-profit enterprises. The results provide empirical data support and enlightenment for how to guide the construction of new R&D institutions and how to promote the deep integration of industry and research organizations.