In order to explore the mechanical properties of occlusive pile retaining structure in shallow foundation reinforcement, the Longhai Line Bahe Bridge was taken as the engineering background. The Mohr-Coulomb constitutive equation was selected, and the three-dimensional simulation model was established by the finite element software MIDAS/GTS to analyze the influence of soil erosion and hollowing out on the pile side on the structure. The distribution of displacement and internal force of the same section of the structure under unfavorable working conditions was studied. The effects of II. sequence pile types, crown beam layout, and pile diameter on the reinforcement effect were analyzed. The results show that the controlled displacement of the soil after erosion occurs in the direction of the long side of the pile top and the direction is inward. After the soil is scoured and hollowed out, the earth pressure reaches the peak and the bending moment at the bottom of the pile is zero, and a certain bending moment is generated at the top of the pile and the reverse bending point is located in the middle of the pile foundation. The left and right sides are symmetrical with the backwater surface of the frontal surface in terms of force and deformation. When the sequence pile is a reinforced pile, its stiffness plays a greater role in the structural displacement, and the horizontal displacement of the unreinforced pile is increased by 2.75 times compared with the reinforced pile, the crown beam has an order of magnitude impact on the structural displacement as a boundary constraint, and the horizontal displacement of the uncrowned beam is increased by 43 times compared with the crown beam; the pile diameter of the occlusive pile is inversely proportional to the horizontal displacement of the structure, and the pile diameter plays a greater role in the structural displacement, the pile diameter increases from 0.8 to 1.m, and the displacement of the top of the pile diameter increases from 0.18mm to 0.41mm.