FLAC3D software was used to establish two tunnel models under different initial support actions. The excavation and support process of the tunnel were simulated, the stress and deformation of surrounding rock and support structure were analyzed, and a more reasonable support scheme was selected under different stress distribution and displacement of surrounding rock. The results show that the prestressed bolt can provide timely support for the surrounding rock of the tunnel without the problem of support aging, while the ordinary cement mortar bolt can play its role only after the formation changes.