Green finance is a crucial component in the "Double-Carbon" strategy and serves as a financial mechanism for achieving industrial restructuring and enhancement. The impact of green finance on the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure is examined using a panel fixed-effects model and provincial panel data from 2007 to 2020. The findings indicate that green finance has the potential to facilitate the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, but technological innovation may partly lead to counter-adjustment, and the Porter effect is not significant. Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the development policy of green finance, promote green technological innovation, and guide the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.