Based on resource conservation theory, the process mechanism of the effect of dual stress on employees' emotional labor is explored. Based on the questionnaire method, 435 grassroots workers in companies are taken as the research object to study their stress and the affecting on their emotion. The findings show that challenging stress has an inhibitory effect on surface behavior and a facilitative effect on deep behavior, and hindering stress has a facilitative effect on surface behavior and an inhibitory effect on deep behavior.Emotional burnout plays a significant mediating effect. Based on the conclusions, management implications and future perspectives are put forward.