The relevant data from 2000 to 2020 are used to calculate the carbon sinks of agriculture and forests, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of agricultural and forestry carbon sinks in the Yellow River Basin are studied, and the influencing factors are analyzed by using the geographic detector model. The results show that the carbon sink of agriculture and forestry in all provinces increased by different amplitudes, but the spatial distribution is still unbalanced. Precipitation, temperature, slope, aspect and population are the leading factors of agricultural and forestry carbon sinks in the Yellow River Basin. The explanatory strength of the interaction is enhanced, and the two-factor enhancement type is the main one. All factors are significantly different from agricultural and forestry carbon sinks, and the factor range of agricultural and forestry carbon sinks reaching the largest can be obtained.