Based on the survey data of micro farmers in Jiangxi Province, the ordered probit model to examine the impact of social identity on farmers' adoption of green production behavior was used, and the mesmeric effect and heterogeneity analysis of environmental cognition between the two was tested. The results show that: social identity has a significant positive impact on the adoption of green production behavior by farmers; environmental cognition has a partial mesmeric effect on the degree of adoption of farmers' green production behavior by social identity;heterogeneity analysis finds that environmental cognition has a significant impact on the elderly group and male farmers, while it do not have a significant impact on the non elderly group and female farmers. Social identity has a more significant impact on the elderly group of farmers. Based on this, suggestions are put forward to cultivate farmers' environmental awareness, stimulate farmers' subjective awareness, and strengthen policy guidance and publicity.