Abstract:Poverty governance is an important component of the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics and a concentrated manifestation of the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. However, the issue of poverty alleviation households returning to poverty after poverty alleviation has become an important concern during the 14th Five Year Plan period. Through in-depth analysis of the potential main and objective reasons for poverty alleviation in Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan, there being four aspects were expounded which were internal driving force of poverty alleviation households, the monitoring system for poverty prevention, policies and systems, and characteristic industries, and proposes corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. This is of great significance for expanding and consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation in Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan, and achieving rural revitalization.