Based on the SBM model and ML index analysis of non-expected output, the carbon emission efficiency of the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration from 2010 to 2019 was calculated statically and dynamically.?The results show that the carbon emission efficiency of the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration has an upward trend, and fixed assets input and personnel input are the main reasons affecting urban carbon emission efficiency.?Urban industrial development layout will greatly affect urban carbon emission efficiency, which is too fast to match the technical efficiency level of the development.