In the new development stage，the trend of scientific and technological innovation and the demand for high-quality development require the timely reform of scientific research management. The main problems and challenges faced by the current scientific research management was analyzed，and the reform of scientific research management were put forward needing to realize the change of four key paths，namely，management concept，system mechanism，management system and innovation vitality. Finally，the targeted countermeasures and suggestions are put forward for scientific research institutions to achieve scientific research management reform.