The county is an important link between the city and the countryside. Based on the perspective of the industrial structure, the shift-share analysis method is used to conduct the study on the economic development of 57 counties in Guangdong Province from 2010 to 2019. The results show that at the level of development, the development level of the county in Guangdong Province is still low.At the level of industrial structure, the growth of the industries in the county area of Guangdong Province is dominated by "tertiary industry-primary industry-secondary industry", and the industrial structure still needs to be optimized.At the level of spatial structure, the development of the primary industry in the counties of Guangdong Province is "high in the west and low in the east", the development of the secondary industry is "high in the middle and low in the surrounding area", and the development of the tertiary industry is "high in the coast and low in the interior". The spatial development of the tertiary industries is uneven. In response to these issues, proposes that objective laws should be respected, development positioning should be clarified; industrial structure should be optimized, industrial transformation should be promoted, and differentiated development should be achieved based on different locations.