In view of the problems that the shortest distance method does not take into account the nature of the airport and ignores the regional economic level of the area where the airport is located, which leads to very unreasonable calculation results, fuzzy theory is used to optimize the shortest distance method, expounding the definition method of the airport radiation range, and establishing the calculation model of the airport radiation range. Taking Shaanxi Province as an example, the radiation range of four civil airports in Shaanxi Province is calculated. Finally, the construction of the airport is proposed.