The optimization of the layout of engineering and scientific and technological talents has become an important part of promoting the high-quality development of the integration of industry and education. Taking high-tech industry as an example, the correlation between the layout change of engineering majors and the demand for industrial scientific and technological talents in China from 2009 to 2017, and the correlation difference between engineering and scientific and technological talents and the development needs of high-tech industries from the perspective of professional adaptation of engineering and scientific and technological talents are analyzed. The results show that there is a large gap between the professional adaptation of engineering and scientific and technological talents in different fields and the demand for industrial development, among which the professional mismatch phenomenon in the fields of electronic and communication equipment manufacturing industry and electronic computer and office equipment manufacturing industry is obvious, and the demand for interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary integration talents is the highest, and engineering and technological talents with professional disciplines in computer, electronic information and engineering have become an important force for the development of many industrial science and technology talents in the future. Systematically understanding the difference in correlation between the layout of engineering science and technology talents and the needs of industrial development in different professional fields can provide empirical evidence for the training of engineering science and technology talents, the adjustment of professional layout, and the deepening of the integration of industry and education.