As the "hub" of innovative resources such as talents, knowledge, technology and information, sci-tech societies play a unique function of coordination, integration, standardization and aggregation. However, the functional performance of Chinese science and technology societies is not satisfactory in reality. The fundamental reason is that the system design fails to provide adequate guarantee for the science and technology societies. The specific manifestation is that the system design fails to fully reflect the management system for the independent development of science and technology societies, the lack of incentive mechanism for the innovative development of science and technology societies, and the lack of reasonable channels for the competitive development of science and technology societies. Therefore, the key to the functional breakthrough of science and technology societies in the future lies in the optimization of system design, which can be carried out from three aspects: management system, incentive mechanism and reasonable channels.