Based on the US entity list information to China from 1997 to 2022, the key features of the "choke" key core technical barriers are systematically analyzed, and a three-dimensional dynamic model for the operation of the key core technical barriers is constructed according to the external key features to explore its underlying operating mechanism. It is found that the key core technical barriers to China set by the United States have six characteristics: multiple objects, specific directions, the whole process, multiple policy objectives, multiple supporting policies, and multilateral barriers. Accordingly, its operation follows three mechanisms: the whole process of targeting key industrial chains, multi-dimensional policy combination containment under multiple objectives, and multilateral cooperation to induce the upgrading of key core technical barriers. Finally, based on the above operating mechanism, targeted suggestions were put forward ,including strengthening the research on key core technical barriers and establish a "choke" risk screening and early warning mechanism, improving the new nationwide system for tackling key core technologies led by industry leading enterprises and supported by multi-dimensional policies of the government, and maintaining open international technical cooperation and actively participate in the formulation of international standards and rules.