Total factor productivity is the source of sustained economic growth, and the improvement of total factor productivity not only depends on technological progress, but also on the effective allocation of resources. Based on the panel data of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region from 2005 to 2020, of the mismatch of agricultural production factors in Guangxi draws on the classic element mismatch theory of HK is analyzed, a mismatch model of agricultural production factors is constructed, and the relative distortion coefficients of agricultural capital, labor and land resource mismatch in Guangxi's "two districts and one belt" and 14 prefecture-level cities are measured respectively. The results show that the mismatch of agricultural production factors in different economic zones in Guangxi is not the same, and the overall level of mismatch of agricultural resources is high; Among the three types of mismatch of agricultural production factors, the difference between regions with the mismatch of agricultural capital factors is the largest; From 2005 to 2020, the staggered distribution of agricultural production factors in Guangxi improved to varying degrees, but on the whole, the fluctuation trend was obvious; The elements of agricultural production between different prefecture-level cities show a mismatch of different biases.