Promoting the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure by promoting the rationalization and advanced industrial structure is the necessary condition to promote the regional economic development of Yunnan.Green development strategy is also the key to promote ecological civilization. An econometric model of the impact of environmental regulation on industrial structure is constructed, and the data of 16 provinces and cities in Yunnan from 2008 to 2019 is studied , and robustness test is carried out . The results show that the incentive effect of environmental regulation on the rationalization of industrial structure in Yunnan is not certain.Environmental regulation is not conducive to the advanced development of Yunnan's industrial structure. The level of economic development has a substitution effect on the impact of environmental regulation on Yunnan's industrial structure.