Using a Python program to capture thermal data of population distribution in the study area, the spatial analysis method and the kernel density analysis tool in ArcGIS software were used to explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of population activity distribution in the study area and the townships under its jurisdiction at different times. The results show that the population activities show a dynamic process of "centripetal during the day and centrifugal during the night" on weekdays, and the opposite on rest days.The Luquan district shows a development trend of co-location with the main city and has a strong employment attractiveness, with the development zone and the eastern part of the district being the main space for employment activities.The Luquan district has a certain leisure activity attractiveness, but relatively weak, and there is a certain gap with the main urban area.According to the change of heat value the townships in the region can be divided into four types,including leisure vitality areas, leisure employment vitality areas, employment vitality areas and residential vitality areas.