Scientific and technological innovation is an important source of development, and the role of fiscal policy in scientific and technological innovation has attracted more and more attention in recent years. Based on the interpretation of Jiangsu Province's science and technology financial policy and theoretical analysis, this paper summarizes the current situation of science and technology financial investment. It shows that there are some problems in Jiangsu Province in terms of the scale of financial investment, regional differences, financial support for higher research and promotion of industry university research cooperation. Finally, some countermeasures are put forward for these problems.