The twelve key industries are of great significance to the economic and social development in Hainan Province, but the scientific and technological capacity is insufficient to support development of those industries. The research finds that the development of Hainan's high-tech industry is lagged advanced provinces. Compared with 2013, the R&D personnel input and patent output of industrial enterprises above designated size in 2018 are sharply reduced; enterprises did not play a determinant role in R&D activities, the share of which in the whole R&D funding is small; the intensity of science and technology investment is weak, and the technology market is not active while the technological demand of companies should be further mined. Based on experiences of agricultural machinery and pharmaceutical manufacturing, it suggests improving the ability of science and technology to support and the 12 key industries by strengthening government guidance, ensuring technology supply and mining technology demand.