Take the yuanyang country in the rice grown area along the Yellow River as an example，the changes of rice planting and its influencing factors were studied. The results showed that：Rice planting area and yield per mu from 1979 to 1998 increased simultaneously，from 1999 to 2006，the sown area increased，but the yield per mu decreased，from 2007 to 2018，the sown area decreased and the yield per mu rose to a stable level；In space，the center of gravity of rice planting moves roughly from west to east，from 113.85°E to 113.97°E；The main factors affecting rice sown area are，in turn，household consumption level，agricultural income share，rural electricity consumption，total power of agricultural machinery，total labor and fertilizer use. The reasearch results can provide references for regional ecological protection，agricultural economic development and sustainable utilization of cultivated land.