In the context of global value chain reshaping, artificial intelligence will provide the core power for China to climb the high-end industrial chain. Construct static panel and dynamic panel models to empirically analyze the optimization effect of artificial intelligence on the industrial structure, and further sub-regional research. The results show that: the current artificial intelligence has a hindering effect on the rationalization of industrial structure, and has a promoting effect on the heightening of the industrial structure, and this effect is decreasing in the eastern, central and western provinces. Further through the perspective of technological innovation, it is found that the combination of artificial intelligence and technological innovation will promote the heightening of the industrial structure. Finally, based on the aforementioned analysis, provide policy recommendations for China's sub-regional planning of artificial intelligence development.