Green supply chain is a major trend in the development of supply chains, green supply chain capabilities are the key to integrating member companies into a green supply chain system. After combing the related research on the existing green supply chain capabilities and introducing green factor indicators, a set of green supply chain capability evaluation index system was constructed. Then, a multi-group thermodynamic evaluation method was proposed for the problem of green supply chain capacity evaluation under hesitant fuzzy environment. Finally, the three green supply chain management demonstration enterprise systems in the Pearl River Delta region are evaluated and ranked, and corresponding analysis and suggestions are given, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the new method are verified.