Evaluation of scientific and technological achievements is an indispensable and important link in scientific and technological activities, which plays an important role in promoting scientific and technological progress, realizing innovation-driven development, and making scientific research management decisions. This article from the "subject", "assessment content", "evaluation method" and "assessment process" four dimensions, systematically compared the evaluation of Chinese and foreign scientific and technological achievements, through the analysis of foreign scientific and technological achievements assessment and the present situation of evaluation of scientific and technological achievements in China, you can clear the current problems existing in the evaluation work of scientific and technological achievements, to perfect our country science and technology achievements appraisal system, improve the effect of evaluation on the implementation of guidance.