In order to explore the input-output relationship of the civil aviation transportation industry, based on China's civil aviation transportation industry related data from 1985 to 2018, the total turnover of civil aviation transportation is used as the output, the number of civil aviation pilots is used as labor input, and the number of civil transport aircraft is used Is the amount of capital invested. First, establish a mathematical model of the input and output of the civil aviation transportation industry based on the Cobb-Douglas production function; second, construct a vector error correction model on this basis to predict the data; and again, use the pulse test to investigate the long- and short-term equilibrium and system dynamics of the model Characteristics; the results found that: the input and output of the civil aviation transportation industry are positively correlated and long-term equilibrium relationship, the contribution of capital input to output growth is greater than the contribution of labor input to output. Finally, some suggestions and conclusions about the development of the civil aviation industry are given.