Based on aged psychology and ergonomics, the spatial design of improved elderly residential toilets is proposed to improve the unreasonable design of the bathroom facing the home care in China. Taking the healthy and slightly disabled old people over 60 years old in Beijing as the research object, the safety and adaptability of the toilet space were summarized and optimized in different regions through questionnaires and case studies, the research results were applied to the sample of home pension toilets. The improved home-based toilets are not only more in line with the habits of the elderly, but also significantly enhanced in terms of safety in use.