The “One Belt, One Road” initiative has brought opportunities to the development of the marine industry in the Beibu Gulf area. This has led to the transformation and upgrading of the Beibu Gulf marine industry structure and the development of competitiveness. The paper uses the deviation-quota analysis method to analyze the marine industry structure in the Beibu Gulf area based on the data in the 2010-2016 China Ocean Statistical Yearbook, and analyzes its constraints. Finally, from the marine industry planning, From the four perspectives of scientific and technological innovation, industrial structure upgrading and international cooperation, the paper puts forward suggestions for optimizing the marine industry structure of Beibu Gulf.