The development of science and technology service industry is conducive to promoting industrial upgrading and innovation, and it will cultivate a new economic growth point. On the basis of Analyzing the connotation, characteristics and constituent elements of science and technology service industry, this paper studied the interacting mechanism between the industry subdivision form the comprehensive dimensions of technology innovation chains and technology support factors, the coupling mechanism between science and technology service industry and key industry was studied from three dimensions of social division of labor, value chain upgrading and industrial integration; the supporting mechanism of the macro external environment on the development of the industry was studied from the aspects of government behavior, financial environment, industry technological progress, infrastructure construction and public awareness. It provided theoretical support for the development of science and technology service industry, and promoting the deep integration of technology and economy.