Scientific and technological personnel is an important strategic resource in underdeveloped areas， the development and cultivation of scientific and technological talents is an important strategic measure for innovation and development in underdeveloped areas. Domestic and foreign related literature generally from underdeveloped areas， scientific and technological personnel， talent development and training and other aspects of research， this paper through the relevant policies， research literature， summed up the relevant experience， from underdeveloped areas， scientific and technological personnel， talent development and training three theories This paper puts forward the main problems and future research directions in the current research， which is of great theoretical and instructive significance to establish the management mechanism of scientific and technological talents in underdeveloped areas.