This paper defines the concept and structure of the P2P lending system, summarizes the synergetic operation mechanism of the P2P network lending system and explores the influence factors of P2P lending system synergistic operation. Use the ISM model to construct the hierarchical correlation structure of the P2P lending system’s influence factor. The result shows that the most direct influence factors in the synergistic operation of P2P lending system are loan proceeds, lenders' confidence of the platform and government funding. The borrower's hard information and bank supervision of the platform are root factors. Finally, put forward policy recommendations for macro regulator according to the results of the analysis.