Based on the data of ecological environment and social economic statistics of 2010-2014 in the Qingshui River Basin of Guizhou province, ecological footprint model is used to calculate and analyze the values of ecological footprint, ecological carrying capacity, ecological footprint of ten thousand yuan GDP, and determine the sustainable development ability of ecological environment in the Qingshui River Basin. The result shows that ecological footprint values of Qingshui River Basin from 2010 to 2014 individually are 1.546 (hm2/person), 1.848 (hm2/person), 1.707 (hm2/person), 1.973 (hm2/person), 1.955 (hm2/person), showing upward trend; Ecological carrying capacity values are 1.228 (hm2 / person), 1.223 (hm2 / person), 1.214 (hm2 / person), 1.205 (hm2 / person), 1.196 (hm2 / person), showing a general downward trend; the ecological deficit appears in an upward trend. It reflects that the ecological environment in the study area is in a weak state of sustainable development, the development and utilization of the ecological environment system is limited, and the bearing capacity is obviously insufficient. This will have a serious impact on the regional sustainable development of this area.