With “VAT instead of business tax ”in the implementation of the telecommunications industry as the research background, from the theoretical point of view to analysis “VAT instead of business tax” impact on the telecommunications industry. The main analysis made from the income, costs, capital expenditures, profits and corporate tax. Followed by China Unicom as a case to analyze the financial situation of enterprises, thus allowing companies to come to the camp changed to increase revenues declined less than the deductible costs, falling profits and tax increases and other disadvantages. On this basis, we proposed to improve invoice management, increasing the amount of input tax deductible, change management, reduce management costs, respond to good “VAT instead of business tax " The challenge for telecommunications companies, telecommunications companies shortened to " VAT instead of business tax " run-in period, etc. related measures.