Based on the establishment of evaluation index system of regional innovation capability and economic transformation performance in resource-based region, taking 2000-2013 relevant data of Shanxi Province as sample, this paper evaluated the economic transformation performance and technology innovation capability of Shanxi by entropy method, as well as analyzed the correlation between them. This paper find that there exist a strong correlation and technology innovation capability is playing an increasingly important role in economic transition of Shanxi resource-based economy. Finally, this paper make some suggestions such as enhancing the technology innovation capability of firm, deepening the diffusion degree of technology innovation , which offered foundation for the success of economic transition of resource-based region.