In this paper, we measure China’s provincial-level carbon dioxide emissions of 1997－2010 with IPCC method, and empirically study the regional differences of China’s carbon dioxide emissions intensity according to the GE index’s subgroup decomposition method from the three perspectives of provincial-level, East-central-west, and the eight economic regions. The results show that total difference is mainly explained by the differences within the eastern central and western regions, while differences between the eight economic regions contribute most of the regional differences of carbon dioxide emissions intensity in China.