The paper adopts Data Envelope Analysis（DEA）method to evaluate the tourism efficiency and regional differences of 31 provinces in China during the period of 2000-2011. Results show that China’s tourism sector has experienced a rapid development during this period; but the overall efficiency still keeps a lower level (only 0.649 on average). There are obvious differences among different regions of China on the tourism efficiency, due to differences of resource endowment, input size, tourism location advantage and etc. However, along with China's economic development, the differences of tourism efficiency of Eastern, Central and Western regions and Northeast China continued to be narrow.