The paper analyses the patent application for the agricultural industry in Guizhou from the angle of patent information, and compares the agricultural industry technology innovation ability of the twelve provinces and cities. Based on the correlation between patent application of agricultural industry and the added value of the first industry to evaluate the technology innovation ability of the agricultural industry in Guizhou, it is found that the agricultural industry has little patent ownership and low technical innovation ability, and the direct proportion between the patent application of agricultural industry and the added value of the first industry is existence. Finally the paper puts forward some policies to improve the technical innovation ability of agricultural industry in Guizhou.