In this paper, input and output data of the science and technology，based on the 31 provinces and cities and autonomous regions in China is put as research sample, input data from 2005 to 2007 and ouput data from 2006 to 2008 of 31 provinces in science and technology are choosed. Using the factor analysis method to analyse input and output index of science and technology ,respectively determine the technology investment’s score and output score .Based on socre ,compute input and output efficiency of science and technology. But also ,build regression model reflecting relationship between input and output in science and technology.