With the rapid development of the digital economy, digital assets, as a new type of asset category, are showing an exponential growth trend. A comprehensive and systematic classification and summary of the types of digital assets was firstly conducted, and the valuation systems and operation mechanisms of various digital assets were deeply analyzed. The risks and challenges currently faced by the digital asset field were also examined and the regulatory measures at the regulatory level were discussed. Through in-depth and detailed sorting and analysis, scientific basis and guidance are provided for the future development of the digital asset field.