Based on the energy storage characteristics of phase change energy storage device, the optimal scheduling model of the integrated energy system with phase change energy storage heat pump considering the thermal inertia characteristics was established in view of the thermal delay and thermal attenuation in the heat transfer process, the PMV index was used to quantify the thermal load elasticity. Using Dymola and MATLAB to establish the model, taking the total cost of economic operation as the objective function, the capacity of peak-shaving and valley-filling, the capacity of renewable energy consumption, the environmental benefit and the safety in three different scenarios was compared and analyzed, and the 24-hour operation strategy on typical days in winter was optimized. The results show that the integrated energy system with phase change energy storage heat pump considering thermal inertia and thermal load elasticity has better economy and fault resistance.